¿A QUIÉN INTERPELAN LAS PLAGAS?

CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA EN ÉPOCA DE PANDEMIA

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14295/ambeduc.v26i2.12990

Palabras clave:

COVID-19, neutralidad tecnológica, biomedicina, Big Pharma

Resumen

La esperanza en la biomedicina para superar la pandemia de la COVID-19 no significa que otras epidemias no se encadenen en el futuro, como lo ha demostrado la cantidad de epidemias surgidas en el correr de este siglo. El artículo analiza el mito de la neutralidad de la tecnología en relación con la tecnología biomédica, para concluir mostrando la importancia de los mecanismos ideológicos y legales, así como las tendencias intrínsecas a la propia biomedicina para que el sector biomédico hegemónico y la industria asociada sean aceptados por la percepción global como una solución a un problema que es lejos de ser pasajero.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Guillermo Foladori Foladori, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas

Unidad Académica en Estudios del Desarrollo

Citas

A voice for Choice advocacy. (2018). 21st Century Cures Act HR34 (was HR6)—AVFCA Objects. A Voice for Choice Advocacy. https://avoiceforchoiceadvocacy.org/21st-century-cures-act/

Afp. (2020, June 29). Autoriza China vacuna contra el Covid-19 para su ejército—Mundo—La Jornada. https://www.jornada.com.mx/ultimas/mundo/2020/06/29/autoriza-china-vacuna-contra-el-covid-19-para-su-ejercito-6773.html

Alliance for Human Research Protection. (2010, October 26). Glaxo chief: “Our drugs do not work on most patients.” Alliance for Human Research Protection. https://ahrp.org/glaxo-chief-our-drugs-do-not-work-on-most-patients/

Anderson, P. (1996). Passages from Antiquity to Feudalism. Verso.

Angell, M. (2004). The truth about the drug companies: How they deceive us and what to do about it (1st ed). Random House.

Astin, J. A. (1998). Why Patients Use Alternative Medicine: Results of a National Study. JAMA, 279(19), 1548. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.19.1548

Beagon, M. (1992). Roman Nature. The Thought of Pliny the Elder. New Cork: Clarendon Press. Clarendon Press.

Boxtel, C. J. V., Santoso, B., & Edwards, I. R. (Eds.). (2008). Drug Benefits and Risks: International Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology (Edição: Revised). Ios Pr Inc.

Carrington, D. (2020, June 17). Pandemics result from destruction of nature, say UN and WHO. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/17/pandemics-destruction-nature-un-who-legislation-trade-green-recovery

CDC. (2020, March 13). Antibiotic-resistant Germs: New Threats. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/biggest-threats.html

De Klerk, G. J. M. (1979). Mechanism and vitalism. A history of the controversy. Acta Biotheoretica, 28(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054676

Dierckxsens, W. (1983). Formaciones precapitalistas. Nuestro Tiempo.

Domínguez, N. (2020, May 1). El ansia de tratamientos para el coronavirus dinamita el método científico. EL PAÍS. https://elpais.com/ciencia/2020-04-30/el-ansia-de-tratamientos-para-el-coronavirus-dinamita-el-metodo-cientifico.html

Eisenberg, D. M., Davis, R. B., Ettner, S. L., Appel, S., Wilkey, S., Van Rompay, M., & Kessler, R. C. (1998). Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: Results of a follow-up national survey. JAMA, 280(18), 1569–1575. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.18.1569

Farmer, P. (1996). Social inequalities and emerging infectious diseases. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2(4), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0204.960402

Federspil, G., & Sicolob, N. (1994). The Nature of Life in the Historyof Medical and PhilosophicThinking. Am J Nephrol, 14, 337–343.

Fisher, P., & Ward, A. (1994). Medicine in Europe: Complementary medicine in Europe. BMJ, 309(6947), 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6947.107

Frazer, sir J. G. (2005). El folklore en el antiguo testamento (Spanish Edition): Frazer sir James George: : Amazon.com: Books. FCE - Fondo de Cultura Económica. https://www.amazon.com/El-folklore-antiguo-testamento-Spanish/dp/968160993X

Frid-Nielsen, S. S., Rubin, O., & Baekkeskov, E. (2019). The state of social science research on antimicrobial resistance. Social Science & Medicine, 242, 112596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112596

Fugh-Berman, A. J. (2010). The Haunting of Medical Journals: How Ghostwriting Sold “HRT.” PLOS Medicine, 7(9), e1000335. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000335

Furlow, B. (2017). US 21st Century Cures Act secures health-care research funding. The Lancet Oncology, 18(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30636-2

Gherardi, R. K., Coquet, M., Cherin, P., Belec, L., Moretto, P., Dreyfus, P. A., Pellissier, J.-F., Chariot, P., & Authier, F.-J. (2001). Macrophagic myofasciitis lesions assess long-term persistence of vaccine-derived aluminium hydroxide in muscle. Brain, 124(9), 1821–1831. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/124.9.1821

Gøtzsche, P. C. (2013). Deadly Medicines and Organised Crime. How big pharma has corrupted healthcare. Radcliffe Publishing Ltd.

Gourier Frery, C., Frery, N., Berrebi, A., Cordier, S., Garnier, R., Isnard, H., Ravault, C., & Renaudeau, C. (2019). Aluminium. Quels risques pour la santé? Synthèse des études épidémiologiques. Volet épidémiologique de l’expertise collective InVS-Afssa-Afssaps. Santé Publique France. https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/docs/aluminium.-quels-risques-pour-la-sante-synthese-des-etudes-epidemiologiques.-volet-epidemiologique-de-l-expertise-collective-invs-afssa-afssaps

Guerri, E. C. (1979). La sociedad romana en Seneca. EDITUM.

Hardy, K. (2018). Plant use in the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic: Food, medicine and raw materials. Quaternary Science Reviews, 191, 393–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.04.028

Harkins, G. (2020, June 15). More than 1,000 Marine Recruits Volunteer for COVID-19 Study at Parris Island. Military.Com. https://www.military.com/daily-news/2020/06/15/more-1000-marine-recruits-volunteer-covid-19-study-parris-island.html

Ho, M.-W. (2001, December 12). Another Independent Scientist Falls Victim over Findings Against MMR Vaccine. The Institute of Science in Society. http://www.i-sis.org.uk/MMRautism.php

Hodgson, J. (2020). The pandemic pipeline. Nature Biotechnology, 38(5), 523–532. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41587-020-00005-z

Holland, M. S. (2017). Liability for vaccine injury: The United States, the European Union and the developing world. Emory Law Journal, 67, 415–462.

Jouanna, J., & Eijk, P. J. van der. (2012). Greek medicine from Hippocrates to Galen: Selected papers. Brill.

Kime, P. (2020, June 16). US Troops Would Be Among First to Get a Working COVID-19 Vaccine, Officials Say. Military.Com. https://www.military.com/daily-news/2020/06/16/us-troops-would-be-among-first-get-working-covid-19-vaccine-officials-say.html

Kuhn, T. S. (2012). The structure of scientific revolutions (Fourth edition). The University of Chicago Press.

Lewis, R. (2016, September 2). Does Chinese Civilization Come From Ancient Egypt? Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/09/02/did-chinese-civilization-come-from-ancient-egypt-archeological-debate-at-heart-of-china-national-identity/

Lietava, J. (1992). Medicinal plants in a Middle Paleolithic grave Shanidar IV? Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 35(3), 263–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(92)90023-k

Loe Fisher, B. (2015, July 21). 21st Century Cures Act Eliminates Vaccine Safety Science—NVIC Newsletter. NVIC Newsletter. National Vaccine Information Center. http://www.nvic.org/nvic-vaccine-news/july-2015/21st-century-cures-act-eliminates-good-science.aspx

Lundh, A., Barbateskovic, M., Hróbjartsson, A., & Gøtzsche, P. C. (2010). Conflicts of Interest at Medical Journals: The Influence of Industry-Supported Randomised Trials on Journal Impact Factors and Revenue – Cohort Study. PLOS Medicine, 7(10), e1000354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000354

Marcum, J. A. (2008). An Introductory Philosophy of Medicine: Humanizing Modern Medicine. Springer. https://b-ok.org/book/740600/fbffed

Margulis, L., & Sagan, D. (1996). ¿Qué es la vida? (A. García, Trans.). Tusquets.

Needham, J., & Wang, L. (1956). Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 2, History of Scientific Thought. Cambridge University Press.

Nikaido, H. (2009). Multidrug Resistance in Bacteria. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 78, 119–146. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.78.082907.145923

Osorio-de-Castro, C. G. S., Caetano, R., & Pepe, V. L. E. (2015). The 21st Century Cures Act: Can the regulatory framework survive the “cures”? Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 31(9), 1807–1810. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311XPE010915

Rawlinson, P. (2017). Immunity and impunity: Corruption in the state‐pharma nexus. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 6(4), 86–99. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v6i4.447

Sekerka, L. E., & Benishek, L. (2018). Thick as Thieves? Big Pharma Wields Its Power with the Help of Government Regulation | Emory University School of Law | Atlanta, GA. Emory Corporate Governance and Accountability Review, 5, 113–141.

Shanks, G. D. (2014). How World War 1 changed global attitudes to war and infectious diseases. The Lancet, 384(9955), 1699–1707. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61786-4

Smith, R. (2005). Medical Journals Are an Extension of the Marketing Arm of Pharmaceutical Companies. PLOS Medicine, 2(5), e138. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020138

Starr, P. (2017). The social transformation of American medicine (Updated edition). Basic Books.

Stone, J. (2017). Re: US government website for collecting adverse events after vaccination is inaccessible to most users. Rapid Response. British Medical Journal, 357. https://www-bmj-com.proxy.lib.sfu.ca/content/357/bmj.j2449/rr-15

Subbarayappa, B. V. (2001). The roots of ancient medicine: An historical outline. Journal of Biosciences, 26(2), 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02703637

Tauber, A. I., & Sarkar, S. (1993). The ideology of the human genome project. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 86(Sept), 537–540.

Tobbell, D. A. (2009). Pharmaceutical Networks: The Political Economy of Drug Development in the United States, 1945—1980. Enterprise & Society, 10(4), 675–686. JSTOR.

Warren, E. (2016). Senator Warren Delivers Remarks on the Proposed 21st Century Cures Bill. https://www.warren.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/senator-warren-delivers-remarks-on-the-proposed-21st-century-cures-bill

Zaitchik, A. (2018, June 28). How Big Pharma Was Captured by the One Percent. The New Republic. https://newrepublic.com/article/149438/big-pharma-captured-one-percent

Publicado

2022-05-04

Cómo citar

Foladori, G. F. (2022). ¿A QUIÉN INTERPELAN LAS PLAGAS? : CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA EN ÉPOCA DE PANDEMIA. Ambiente & Educação: Revista De Educação Ambiental, 26(2), 20–46. https://doi.org/10.14295/ambeduc.v26i2.12990

Número

Sección

Educação Ambiental e a Pandemia de COVID-19