De objetivos universais a resultados locais: apontamentos para uma história da proteção regional aos direitos humanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v16i32.16586Palavras-chave:
Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, Sistema Europeu de Direitos Humanos, Sistema Africano de Direitos HumanosResumo
No presente artigo, aborda-se a evolução dos sistemas regionais de direitos humanos (interamericano, europeu e africano) na perspectiva da história transnacional (global history). Inicialmente influenciados pela dinâmica geopolítica da Guerra Fria, os sistemas regionais rapidamente se adaptaram às suas condições locais, desenvolvendo estratégias próprias de proteção e promoção dos direitos humanos. Os três sistemas regionais participaram de uma construção coletiva ligada à tradição ocidental de direitos humanos, mas evoluíram com contribuições multilaterais ao enfrentar desafios comuns e específicos, o que permitiu a ampliação da proteção para além das formas liberais tradicionais, incorporando uma agenda progressista e tutelando relações horizontais entre indivíduos (direitos da personalidade) no caso europeu e interamericano e direitos coletivistas no caso africano. O resultando é uma abordagem aos direitos humanos mais responsiva a condições culturais e sociais.
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